Stellarator
Plasma vessel
Although the plasma is confined by a magnetic field, it has to be produced
in a vessel, which prevents both admission of air and escape of fuel.
Small amounts of incoming air would already immediately extinguish a burning
plasma. The vessel has to be vacuum-tight and capable of being pumped
down to a pressure of less than 10-8 millibar, i.e. ultrahigh vacuum.
To withstand the high loads due to pressure and magnetic forces that can be caused by locally induced currents, it is primarily high-grade steel that serves as vessel material. For measuring, heating and control facilities the vessel requires numerous apertures and ports. Wendelstein 7-X, for example, has 300 such apertures, which are brazed to the vessel vacuum-tight or connected by metal flanges.
View in the plasma vessel of the testcryostat
To withstand the high loads due to pressure and magnetic forces that can be caused by locally induced currents, it is primarily high-grade steel that serves as vessel material. For measuring, heating and control facilities the vessel requires numerous apertures and ports. Wendelstein 7-X, for example, has 300 such apertures, which are brazed to the vessel vacuum-tight or connected by metal flanges.
View in the plasma vessel of the testcryostat
Part of the plasma vessel during fabrication
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