Gamma-ray astronomy with the H.E.S.S. experiment - A view of the universe at high energies

In recent years, Gamma-ray astronomy in the energy range above 100 GeV has provided many new insights into our universe at high energies. The H.E.S.S. experiment plays a key role in this development. It has succeeded in demonstrating acceleration processes of high-energy particles in various cosmic sources, ranging from the remnants of supernova explosions to shock waves in collisions of relativistic stellar winds and the environments of black holes. The sources could be resolved both spectrally and spatially, allowing a better understanding of the role of high-energy processes in the energy-matter cycle of our cosmos. In this presentation I will give an overview of the current state of research and an outlook into the future of the field.